Chronic inflammation: what next?

A new report on the mechanics of inflammation caused by implants offers clarity and some hope for patients.

Understanding the complex interplay between implant materials and the body is crucial for improving patient outcomes and designing better implants.

Inflammation is a natural reaction to the presence of a foreign object. Chronic inflammation around hip implants occurs when the body reacts to the implant materials over an extended period. While implants are designed to be safe, tiny particles from materials like metal or plastic can sometimes rub off over time. These particles trigger the body’s immune system, sending defence signals that lead to inflammation.

Normally, inflammation helps the body heal, but when it lasts too long, it can start to damage the surrounding tissues and bones. This persistent inflammation can cause pain, swelling, and even loosen the implant, potentially requiring further surgery.

Chronic inflammation isn’t just a medical concern; it’s a regulatory one, too. As implant science evolves, so do the regulations to ensure safety and effectiveness.

A new report, edited by Prof Alister Hart, has just been released by CeraNews, reviewing the latest research, case studies, and innovations in the field. It considers the regulatory pressure to protect people from negative outcomes and calls for closer alignment between implant manufacturers and regulators.

The report, available for download below, includes:

• A foreword from Prof Alister Hart

• Dr. Ina Lackner on the latest implant science around worn bearings on human mechanics and biology.

• Prof. Catherine van der Straeten on how chronic inflammation risk factors were accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic, with mortality driven by cytokine release as a reaction to the virus.

• Three case reports on adverse reactions in hip replacements involving different material pairings:

  • Metal-on-metal (MoM)

  • Metal-on-polyethylene (MoP)

  • Ceramic-on-ceramic (CoC).